In the introduction module, we touched upon common challenges to incorporating Evidence-Based Practice. Barriers mentioned include knowing where to search, adequate search skills, and lack of time.

Searching for research does not have to be a time consuming process. However, the results of your search will only be as good as the initial question you ask and what resource you are trying to use to answer that question. The first step is to reflect upon the type of information required before going to the resources.

Background information

If you know very little about a disease or condition you may be in need of background information. Handbooks, encyclopedias, textbooks, and literature review articles often provide a foundation or introduction to an area of study, including generalized information about a condition such as descriptions, causes, symptoms, progression, accepted treatment, outcomes, and prevention. One thing to remember about background information is that while it presents a convenient summary, it often takes about three years for this type of literature to be published. Information is not always the most current, although online text books can be, and often are, updated more readily than print.

Foreground information

"Patient centered" or "Patient focused" questions are considered foreground information. These questions guide the information search for more specific and current research. These questions take into consideration specific characteristics of your patient such as age, sex, or comorbidities. Your search for foreground information will likely be guided by clinical questions: etiology, diagnosis, therapy, prevention, and harm.

Next page >>